好的,各位朋友大家好,欢迎收听《科学播报》。近年来,对于性别偏见的讨论一直是一个热门话题。在医疗领域,许多研究者正在呼吁注重性别差异,他们认为,只有对这个问题进行深入研究,才有可能为不同性别的人群提供更好的医疗服务。
在绝大多数的情况下,医生对于不同性别的患者,会开出同样的药方,很少会有针对性地去考虑药物剂量与性别差异之间的关系。事实上,对于那些男女都可能会患有的疾病,医疗服务一向是以成年男性作为标准,无意间忽视其他因为性别不同而可能存在的差异。不仅如此,即使是在专业的医学研究上,研究者也普遍在这个方面欠缺考虑。例如,在对于一般性疾病的研究中,受试者往往缺少女性,或者没有单独研究女性的适用情况。这一系列的差异忽视,就会导致许多原本不必要的问题。
在上世纪九十年代以前,这些问题显然更为严重。这就导致了后来的医疗工作者、或者医学领域的研究者在查询过往资料的时候,很难去判别一些特殊的状况、或是某种药物对于女性是否同样适用。这在一方面导致了研究者们需要进行重复的研究和检验,以确保严谨性;另一方面也使得许多女性患者在接受治疗时受到较大的影响。例如,过去妇女在一些疾病上和男性患者一样直接采用激素疗法,这反而增大了她们心脏病发作、中风和患乳腺癌的概率。
相反,一些疾病的治疗方案或者研究注重于女性,被打上性别的标签,使得男性患者的治疗受到延误。实际上,许多过去的对于疾病的性别差异判定都是存在问题的,例如骨质疏松症和艾滋病,它们都曾被认为是女性更容易患的疾病。不仅如此,在心理疾病和精神疾病领域,这种性别差异的误判更为严重,原因都在于人们对于男性或者女性的行为存在固有的偏见。另外,在脑科学领域,人们则普遍认为男女大脑有别,而实际上各种研究都在证明,男女大脑之间的差异并没有想象中的那么大。
近年来,越来越多的人开始重视性别差异对于医疗服务的影响。在药物剂量上,医生更多地考虑个人的特殊性,考察包含性别在内的多项因素,在将来甚至还会包括基因。另一方面,医学工作者正在逐步将有关性别差异的影响纳入各类专业标准和行业章程当中。在医疗领域内对性别差异拥有正确的认识,将会有效地提高整体的医疗服务水平。
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20191230E-CarOutputVolume.mp3 | 电动汽车的排放量有多大? ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20191229MicroSatelliteIsTheFuture_.mp3 | 微型卫星是太空探索的未来吗? ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20191228DoseBumpMoreImportantForRobot.mp3 | 机器人的弹跳能力比移动能力更有用吗? ![]() |
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| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20200516ChildrenHardlyDieForCOVID19?.mp3 | 儿童为何不易死于新冠?或与维生素D水平有关 ![]() |
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| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20191130WhyItIsHardToPredictAI.mp3 | 为什么超级人工智能的发展难以预测? ![]() |
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| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20191227InsectRobot.mp3 | 柔性机械“昆虫”诞生 ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20200229HowDoFluEscapeHumanImmuneSystem.mp3 | 流感病毒是如何逃过人体免疫系统识别的? ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20200227CancerMakesCoronavirusWorse_.mp3 | 肿瘤患者感染新冠肺炎病情更重,恶化更快 ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20200215IsPangolinSpreadTheCoronavirusToHuman_.mp3 | 是穿山甲把新型冠状病毒传染给了人吗? ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20200219HowCanWeCureCoronavirus_.mp3 | 何种疗法对新冠肺炎疗效更加显著 ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20200214DifferenceBetweenFluAndCoronavirus.mp3 | 新冠病毒与流感病毒有何不同? ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20200213HowWeFoundTheFirstCoronavirus.mp3 | 首个人类冠状病毒是怎样被发现的? ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20191119CanWeSpeedUpTheRocket.mp3 | 利用惯性原理可以突破传统火箭的速度吗? ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20200118WhyCoronaryVirusSoScary.mp3 | 冠状病毒真的可怕吗 ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20191127BetterPlasticThatCanBeEfficientlyRecycle.mp3 | 可高效回收的高性能塑料 ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20191115ComplexNetworkHelpsToCatchTerrorist.mp3 | 复杂网络助力抓住恐怖分子 ![]() |
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| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20191114PlaneWithOutEngine.mp3 | 不需要引擎的飞机 ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20191110WhyWeHardToFindAntiMatters.mp3 | 为什么我们难以见到反物质 ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20191109ShouldPlaneLikeFishOrBird.mp3 | 飞行器应该像鱼还是像鸟 ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20191027BlueLightAccelareteAging?.mp3 | 蓝光电子屏会加速衰老 ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20191030WhatIsESkin.mp3 | 什么是电子皮肤 ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20191107BetterTakeHypotensortInNight.mp3 | 晚上服用降压药效果更好 ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20191026WillTheUniverseSaveInformationFromBlackHole.mp3 | 宇宙会保留黑洞吞噬掉的信息吗 ![]() |
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| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20190811MentalIllnessRelateToImmuneSystem.mp3 | 精神疾病与免疫系统的异常有关吗? ![]() |
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| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20190728CellphoneSignalDetectFog.mp3 | 手机信号可以用来监测雾气吗 ![]() |
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| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20190722SugaredBeveragesMoreRisk.mp3 | 含糖饮料增加患癌风险 ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20180925suntemperature.mp3 | 为什么日冕的温度要高于太阳的表面? ![]() |
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| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/OverSleepDeath.mp3 | 过度睡眠可能增高全因死亡率 ![]() |
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| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/MouthHealFast.mp3 | 为什么口腔伤口愈合得更快 ![]() |
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| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/LichenEcosystem.mp3 | 地衣是生物还是生态系统? ![]() |
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| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/ComputerSpeedIncrease.mp3 | 计算机运算速度真的在指数倍增长吗? ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/BroccoliCancer.mp3 | 为什么十字花科蔬菜能防癌 ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20180818blackhole.mp3 | 黑洞吞噬一颗恒星需要多久? ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20180817smoking.mp3 | 戒烟与糖尿病有关吗 ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20180815hydrogen.mp3 | 氢气也能作为超导材料吗? ![]() |
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| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20180808whistle.mp3 | 口哨声也能表达语言吗? ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20180801agingreversed.mp3 | 衰老可以被逆转吗 ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20180730pregnant.mp3 | 孕期压力会对胎儿生长发育产生不良影响 ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20180728carbondioxide.mp3 | 高脂肪低碳水竟能抑制肿瘤生长 ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20180728aminoacid.mp3 | 常见氨基酸可显著提高化疗效果 ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20180724allergic.mp3 | 过敏可以预防皮肤癌 ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20180723baldnesscancer.mp3 | 脱发会增加患癌风险 ![]() |
| https://cdstm-resources-bucket.oss.cn-north-4.inspurcloudoss.com/h5/mp3/20180723sportwaist.mp3 | 运动可以治疗腰疼吗? ![]() |
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